Classification of Textile Fiber

 

Textile fiber is a fiber that can be spun into a yarn or made into a fabric by various methods including,

spinning, knitting, weaving and bonding, felting, and twisting.

Types of Textile Fiber:
Generally two types of fiber

1. Natural fiber

2. Synthetic fiber or Manmade fiber or Artificial fiber

Natural Fiber:
Natural fibers include those fibers which are produced from plants, animals, and geological processes.

They are biodegradable over time. They can be classified according to their origin.

1. Vegetable Origin 

1. Seed & Fruits Fiber (Cotton, Coir)

2. Bast Fiber (Jute, Flax, Ramie)

3. Leaf Fiber (Sisal, Manila)

2. Animal Origin 

1. Wool & Hair fiber

2. Silk & Others filaments

3. Mineral Origin (asbestos fiber)

Synthetic fiber or Man-made fiber or artificial fiber:

Synthetic fibers are produced by the polymerization of various monomers.

In general, synthetic fibers are created by extruding fiber-forming materials through spinnerets into air

and water, forming a thread. These fibers are called synthetic or artificial fibers. It is made by the man for this reason.

Synthetic fiber can be classified according to two types.

1. Natural Polymer Based

1. Cellulosic

2. Cellulose Ester

3. Protein

4. Miscellaneous

2. Synthetic Polymer Based

1. Polyamides

2. Polyester

3. Polyvinyl Derivatives (PVA, PTFE, Polystyrene, etc.)

4. Polyolefin

5. Polyurethanes (Elastomer)

6. Miscellaneous